Get started right now! US Gov and Politics. No votes yet. Human development. Printer Friendly. Summary of Chapter 2: What government should do to benefit its people is a top central to questions of America? Text automatically extracted from attachment below. Please download attachment to view properly formatted document. Constitution actually empowers the occupant of the White House with very little authority.
Technological changes in the twentieth century have greatly expanded the power of the presidential bully pulpit. The twentieth century also saw a string of more public first ladies. In matters concerning foreign policy, presidents have at their disposal the executive agreement, which is a much-easier way for two countries to come to terms than a treaty that requires Senate ratification but is also much narrower in scope.
Presidents use various means to attempt to drive public opinion and effect political change. Divided Government 1. Unified governments, where the same party controls the presidency and Congress, are relatively rare.
Separation of powers and checks and balances ensure that Congress and the presidency will always compete for power, and besides, parties themselves are split among liberal and conservative lines, among others.
Such events are very rare, though. Gridlock is a necessary part of representative democracy, a system that causes delays, intensifies deliberations, and forces compromises, as opposed to direct democracy, which is the opposite.
Gridlock is actually good in that it protects the interests of many, since gridlock only occurs when many diverse sides are present, and the more sides are present, the more people are being represented, and the more gridlock there can be.
The relative power of the president and Congress, though, has changed greatly over the times. The Evolution of the Presidency 1. The Founding Fathers feared anarchy and monarchy about equally, and initially, governor positions reflected that elected by legislatures; some had one-year terms.
Eventually, those who believed that a large nation could only be successfully ruled by single president with significant powers won out, and the U. Constitution created a single president with broad powers. Early politicians were worried that a president could take over state governments with its power over the militia or rig elections to re-elect himself over and over again. The American president was the first leader of its type ever, and the Framers could not have predicted all consequences that it could have, but they did know that they had to create a balanced position, so that neither he could dominate Congress nor the other way around, and eventually, the Framers decided to create a president elected by an Electoral College, thus allowing people to indirectly choose their leader.
Today, we take transfer of power for granted, but in other countries, power sometimes only changes as a result of political intrigue or violence. Parties were not anticipated or wanted at first, but they became quite common, and the first few presidents were prominent, respected politicians who left office without any trouble; this, as well as the fact that early U.
The presidency was also kept simple and modest, so that there would not be any of the glitz, ego, and glamour associated with royalty, and early presidents did not use their vetoes much, thus appearing honest, forthright, and not tyrannical.
He was the strongest president to date, and he showed what a popular president could do. However, Lincoln showed that great, drastic action could be taken during time of national emergency, and that the gridlock usually found in politics could stand back when needed.
Until the s, Congress was likely to initiate programs to which the president responded, but afterwards, the presidency grew quite powerful, and not only during national emergencies. Congress, though, still appears to take the lead in initiating legislation i. The Powers of the President 1.
Only the president of the United States can: i. Serve as commander in chief of the armed forces ii. Commission officers of the armed forces iii. Grant reprieves and pardons for all federal offenses except impeachment iv. Convene Congress in special sessions v. Receive ambassadors vi. Until you contribute 10 documents, you'll only be able to view the titles and some teaser text of the uploaded documents.
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